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Following on from my previous post… Financial Records of Wolverhampton & District Butchers Hide Skin Fat & Wool Co Ltd – Part 1 that looked at the Petty Cash system used by the company as part of their double entry bookkeeping system, I am going to try to explain how the purchases side of the business was recorded.

The Wolverhampton & District Butchers Hide Skin Fat & Wool Co Ltd had a large number of members who were mostly butchers or farmers and engaged with the trade. These members were able to supply the Wolverhampton & District Butchers Hide Skin Fat & Wool Co Ltd with a variety of animal by-products such as hides, fat, wool and bones etc that could be processed and sold on. Generally, these purchases were for fairly small but regular amounts and the values reflected this.

The last book we looked at was the June 1972 section in the General Office Petty Cash Book (D-SSW/2/WDB/3/7) with the entry for Butchers Payments £137.45. The same entry can also be seen at the bottom of the page of the Analysed Petty Cash Book (D-SSW/2/WDB/3/8). This entry shows the amount paid out to butchers to purchase animal products from the Petty Cash. Only the total value is recorded in the Petty Cash Books as the individual transactions are recorded in the Butchers Purchase Day Book.

Butchers Purchase Day Book – D-SSW/2/WDB/3/10

The Butchers Purchase Day Book (D-SSW/2/WBD/3/10) as shown above, contains details of the purchases made in June 1972 with the matching total of £137.45. This book shows the date of the purchase, the name of the butcher who was paid, the amount paid and sometimes a signature, presumably confirming the payment had been received. As these entries link with the total shown in the Petty Cash Books it is likely that these purchases were made using Petty Cash.

Some of the entries in the Butchers Purchase Day Book are shown on the Loose Purchase Records (D-SSW/2/WDB/3/12) as shown below with the reference to page 190.

Loose Purchase Records – D-SSW/2/WDB/3/12

The Loose Purchase Records give more detail on the nature of the purchase, in this case indicating that the Wolverhampton & District Butchers Hide Skin Fat & Wool Co Ltd purchased a quantity of Fat and Bones worth 55p from Southall L and this was paid for by Petty Cash.

Larger purchases such as the ones shown below for Evans, Campion & Blakemore and Gill F. A. Ltd were for Hides and Skins. These entries link to page 357 in another book, the Purchase Day Book (D-SSW/2/WDB/3/11) as they were paid for by cheque.

Purchase Day Book – D-SSW/2/WDB/3/11

This entry in the Purchase Day Book shows the two matching entries and corresponding amounts with a reference number relating to the cheque used to pay the Butchers. This book is equivalent to the Butchers Purchase Day Book, with one recording the purchases made by Petty Cash and the other by Cheque. The Loose Purchase Records track the amount of stock purchased as well as the amounts and link transactions from the two books.

Next time, I am going to look at the final part of the day-to-day bookkeeping system, the sales records.

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This is a press release about the Taking Account of our Past project that nicely summarises the work completed so far. I have added some extra links and images.

Archivists delve into business history treasure trove

Friday May 4 2012

Archivists are delving into Wolverhampton’s past with the help of more than 200 boxes of material which has been described as a historical “treasure trove”.

Records belonging to Smith, Son and Wilkie, a chartered accountancy firm which was based in the city, are being catalogued by Wolverhampton’s Archives and Local Studies service as part of an 18-month project which is unlocking the history of dozens of local businesses.

Taking Account of our Past began in July and is being supported by the National Cataloguing Grants Programme for Archives.

It has already unearthed information on many local businesses, including lock makers Benjamin Walters and Co, brick manufacturers Adam Boulton, the Stockless Anchor Company and The Side Welders Association, both ironmongers, Wednesfield Motor and Cycle Garage, John Hickman and Sons (Sawmills) Ltd, Queen Square Syndicate property developers and Priestfield Iron and Brick Co.

Records relating to a number of butchers, including Thomas Evans and Sons, Wolverhampton Wholesale Butchers, Evans, Campion & Blakemore and the Wolverhampton and District Butchers, Hide, Skin, Fat and Wool Co Ltd, are also included.

As well as business records, the collection which archivist Kimberley Benoy is working her way through contains a wealth of information on local families including the Loveridge, Mander, Wilkes, Reynolds and Wilkie families.

Heidi McIntosh, City Archivist, said: “The Taking Account of our Past” project is a huge piece of work – the records of the Wolverhampton & District Butchers, Hide, Skin, Fat and Wool Co Ltd alone fill 14 boxes and chart the progress of the company from its incorporation in 1886 to its liquidation in 1973.

“One single volume contains the details of over 300 shareholders, including their names, addresses and occupations, so from a historical point of view they are a real treasure trove.

Register of Members and Share Ledger

“The collection also requires quite substantial conservation work, and we have been fortunate in receiving support from the National Manuscripts Conservation Trust to help us with this work.

“Papers relating to the Mander family in particular have been stored in very damp conditions, meaning the papers are delicate and damaged.

A volunteer cleaning a letter from the Mander Collection

“This conservation work is being carried out alongside the cataloguing to ensure the records are available for access on completion of the project this December.”

As part of the project, the Archives and Local Studies service wants to speak to as many people as possible about their memories of some of the businesses in the collection.

Heidi said: “We’d love to find out as much as we can about all of these businesses and families, and we’d urge anyone who has any information about them to get in touch so that we can make this important archive as detailed as possible.”

Anyone who would like to find out more, or who would like to share their memories, is asked to visit here or contact Kimberley Benoy on 01902 552902.

She will also be giving a talk about her work at the Wolverhampton Civic and Historical Society on Tuesday June 12 2012.

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Today, I am going to look at how to use the financial records of the Wolverhampton & District Butchers Hide Skin Fat & Wool Co Ltd to understand what was going on in the day-to-day operations of the business. I am hoping to show how the records link together and transactions can be traced through a variety of different books to find different pieces of information.

I am going to start with the Petty Cash System. This may seem a strange place to start but the Petty Cash books give the clearest insight into the daily operations of the business. The image below shows entries in the Individual Petty Cash Book, which would have been kept by a single person to record the expenses they needed to claim back.

Individual Petty Cash Book - D-SSW/2/WDB/3/9

The entries on the left page show the money coming into the Individual Petty Cash account and shows transfers of £20 and £50 from the General Office Petty Cash Book as seen below. The right page shows the money going out of the Individual Petty Cash account and name or a notes to identify the nature of the transaction. More detail on these transactions can be found in the Analysed Petty Cash Book as seen below. 

Analysed Petty Cash Book - D-SSW/2/WDB/3/8

This volume shows analysis and a breakdown of the Petty Cash costs. The transaction marked on the left page corresponds with the information from the Individual Petty Cash account and the breakdown makes it possible to work out the nature of the costs. 

The Analysed Petty Cash book brings together a lot of different information. Towards the bottom of the left page an entry for Butchers Purchases can be seen for £137.45 indicating that Petty Cash was used to pay for some purchases made from Butchers for stock.

The end column is a good example of transactions being posted into a ledger. The column shows the amount paid in wages, also from Petty Cash, with a note below marked NL157. This indicates that the total amount has been posted into the Nominal Ledger on page 157, the Wages account.

Nominal Ledger - D-SSW/2/WDB/3/5

The corresponding entry in the Nominal Ledger on page 157 can be seen with a reference to page 25 in the Analysed Petty Cash Book definitively linking the two entries. The wages account in the Nominal Ledger brings together all the transactions pertaining to a specific account, in this case the wages account. It would have been much easier to view the wages account written up in the Nominal Ledger rather than working through all the figures in the Analysed Petty Cash Book. Less detail is required in the Nominal Ledger account than in the original Petty Cash Book entries.

The details of the transactions were written up neatly in the Analysed Petty Cash Book after being recorded in the General Office Petty Cash Book as seen below. This volume is set out in the usual format with the money paid in on the left and money paid out on the right.

General Office Petty Cash Book - D-SSW/2/WDB/3/7

The first link to make here is between the General Office Petty Cash Book and the Individual Petty Cash Book that we looked at first. On the top right payments for £20 and £50 can be seen with the reference P/C/B. This money was paid out of the General Office Petty Cash account and into the Individual Petty Cash account to cover the expenses incurred.

The payments for wages can also be seen here and would have been written up from this book to the Analysed Petty Cash Book before being posted to the Nominal Ledger.

The Butchers Payments for £137.45 can also be seen listed here before this information was transferred to the Analysed Petty Cash Book. I will continue next week from the Butchers Payments and look at the records of the purchases made by the Wolverhampton & District Butchers Hide Skin Fat & Wool Co Ltd from local butchers.

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This week I have been tackling the records of the Wolverhampton & District Butchers Hide Skin Fat & Wool Co Ltd, comprising of about 14 boxes. The records are extensive and begin in 1886 when the company was incorporated and continue right through to 1973 when they went into voluntary liquidation. The records are not complete and many give an example of the last in a series covering the last few years they were in operation.

In this post I am hoping to give you a tour through some of the records that have survived and use the information they contain to tell the story of the Wolverhampton & District Butchers Hide Skin Fat & Wool Co Ltd.

The first record to mention is the Memorandum and Articles of Association (D-SSW/2/WDB/1/2/1) that was created with the incorporation of the company in 1886.

Memorandum and Articles of Association

Memorandum and Articles of Association

Memorandum and Articles of Association

This booklet was the Board Room copy of the Memorandum and Articles of Association and contains a description of the nature of the business and the names of the original subscribers:

• George Rowbotham
• George Clifton
• Henry Wolverson
• James Upton
• John Coley
• Phineas Bullock
• Reuben Ross
• John Willis
• Silas Caddick
• William Evans
• James Rudler
• David Bedworth

More information on the Subscribers or Shareholders can be found in the Register of Members and Share Ledger (D-SSW/2/WDB/1/3/4) as seen below.

Register of Members and Share Ledger

Register of Members

Register of Members – Thomas Evans Snr

This volume contains the details of over 300 shareholders in the Wolverhampton & District Butchers Hide Skin Fat & Wool Co Ltd and includes names, addresses, occupation, details of shares held and sometime notes on Probate and date of death when the shares were transferred. The top entry relates to George Clifton, one of the original Subscribers and shows he lived in Darlington Street and was a Butcher with 8 shares in the company.

The Allotment Book (D-SSW/2/WDB/1/3/1) shows the original allocation of shares in 1886 and the first entry shows the allotment of 8 shares to George Clifton. The Registered Capital was £5,000 split into 1,000 £5 shares. All the 1,000 shares were sold but the issued capital was only £4,000 as £4 was paid per share with the remaining £1 effectively owed to the company. This final £1 could be called up at any point. In 1944 the Share Capital was increased to £10,000 with the creation of 1,000 new shares at £5 each.

Allotment Book

Dividend Book

Dividend Book

An entry from the Dividend Book (D-SSW/2/WDB/1/3/9) can also be seen here. Starting in 1925 it gives details of all the dividends paid over the years until 1973 and lists the shareholders receiving the dividend. Dividends were fairly high with 10% being regularly paid and sometimes up to 20%.

Later records include the Register of Directors and Shareholders Meetings – Signature Book (D-SSW/2/WDB/1/1/4), which begins in 1953 and continues to 1973. This book registered the attendance at meetings of the Directors and contains their signatures as can be seen below in the first entry from 1953.

Register of Directors

Directors Sign in Book

Directors at the last meeting 1973

The entry from the final Annual General Meeting is shown from 29th August 1973 when the company closed.

This collection also contains some Minute Books (D-SSW/2/WDB/1/1/1-3) from 1955-1973. These give a fascinating insight into the management of the company and the various problems they faced along with the day-to-day issues such as redecorating the offices. A page can be seen here from the earliest Minute Book showing details from a Meeting of Directors in 1955.

Minutes 1955

Valuation 1973

Property Valuation 1973

The driving force behind the closure of the company was the redevelopment of Snow Hill, where their premises were based. The Property Valuation (D-SSW/2/WDB/6/2) by P J Starkey and Son in 1966 gives some insight into the thoughts of redevelopment. The premises were finally sold for £100,000.

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Yesterday, you may have noticed an additional blog post. This was posted by one of the volunteers during our volunteer blogging session.

I decided to run a session on blogging after some of the volunteers expressed an interest in finding out how it worked. I focused the talk on blogging with WordPress as that is what we use. I started by talking about the purpose of blogs and the niche nature of most successful blogs. I explained that there are blogs on any and every subject you can imagine and if you are intending to start writing it is worth spending some time reading first.

Freshly Pressed - A range of blogs on WordPress

I showed the volunteers how WordPress worked from the beginning and how to set up a new blog with a free account. We looked at choosing themes, adding widgets, creating pages and the purpose of pages and how to add new posts with images.

One of the volunteers had a go with something she had written about her time volunteering and successfully created a post. The main thing I wanted the volunteers to take away from the session was that once the blog is set up it is fairly easy to create new posts and add content. I asked the volunteers to think about this while they are doing their research and if they come across something particularly interesting or something they would like to share to let me know so we can create a post about it together.

I am hoping in the future to be able to include more posts contributed by volunteers to this blog as I think it is important to show other perspectives of the project and to give the volunteers a voice.

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My experience as a volunteer.

I started working as a volunteer on the ‘Taking account of our past’ project last summer. Since then I have learnt a lot about my home town of Wolverhampton and have become a member of the ‘Friends of the Archives’, – attending meetings on a variety of subjects.

research

I have spent many happy hours at the Archives wallowing in files, documents, pictures, newspapers and have also spent time at home surfing the net for any information I could find about my chosen businesses.

I have learnt about the conservation work involved and helped with the sorting of the Collection during the stock taking weeks. It has been a pleasure to meet people with an interest in history similar to my own, to compare notes and hear of their experiences on researching people and places.

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I am now 10 months into the 18 month project to catalogue the Smith, Son & Wilkie collection so I thought it was about time for a project update. About 75 boxes of records have been fully catalogued out of about 200 in total. These boxes include all the internal records of the chartered accountancy firm Smith, Son & Wilkie and the records of the Wilkie family under the reference D-SSW/1.

So far, I have catalogued approximately half of all the client business records deposited by the accountants including the records of:

• Adam Boulton & Co Ltd, Brick & Tile Manufacturers of Dawley, Shropshire
  • D-SSW/2/AB
• Barber and Walton Ltd, Soft Drink Distributors of Wolverhampton
  • D-SSW/2/BRW
• Benjamin Walters & Co Ltd, Locksmiths of North Street, Wolverhampton
  • D-SSW/2/BW
• British Wrought Iron Association, National Association
  • D-SSW/2/BWI
• Cadwallader Brothers Ltd, Haulage Contractors of Wellington, Shropshire
  • D-SSW/2/CB
• Craddock Brothers Ltd, Shoe and Boot Manufacturers based in Wolverhampton with retail outlets across the Midlands and North West
  • D-SSW/2/CD
• Thomas Evans and Sons, Wolverhampton Wholesale Butchers and Evans, Campion & Blakemore, Butchers working in partnership, Wolverhampton
  • D-SSW/2/ECB
• Gladston Carpets Limited, Carpet Retailers of Walsall and Harborne
  • D-SSW/2/GC
• John Hickman and Sons (Sawmills) Ltd, Timber Merchants of Lower Walsall Street, Wolverhampton
  • D-SSW/2/JHS
• London & County Land & Building Company Ltd, Property Developers
  • D-SSW/2/LB
• Priestfield Iron and Brick Co Ltd, Steel & Metal Merchants of Ettingshall Road, Wolverhampton
  • D-SSW/2/PF
• Queen Square Syndicate, Property Developers of Wolverhampton
  • D-SSW/2/QSS
• Side Welders Association, National Association
  • D-SSW/2/SW
• Weaver and Mason, Tube Fittings Manufacturers of Beacon Works, Darlaston Road, Wednesbury
  • D-SSW/2/WM

Gradually, the catalogue entries for these records will become available through the Black Country History website.

If you remember any of these businesses and would like to share your memories please comment or contact me directly.

There is still a lot of work to do on this project to finish cataloguing the remaining client business records before moving on to the client family records but I am confident with the timescale available that it will be completed by the end of the project in December 2012.

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This week I have been cataloguing the records of John Hickman and Sons (Sawmills) Ltd, of Lower Walsall Street, Wolverhampton. The first thing to note is that this business is not the same as John S Hickman and Co Ltd of Sutherland Sawmills Bilston Road, now trading as National Hickman.

Established in 1785, John Hickman & Sons (Sawmills) were described as specialists in home grown timber and their work included felling, hauling, converting and seasoning the timber. It is believed that the business was started by John Hickman of Sedgley and continued by his son Thomas (c. 1783-1859). The 1841 census shows Thomas Hickman of Sedgley as a Woodman and in 1851 a Timber Merchant. Thomas married Sarah and had a son called John (c. 1816-1883) who continued the sawmill business.

John Hickman Deceased - Estate Account from 1883

On his death in 1883 the Timber Merchant and Farmer left the business to four of his sons who were described as “all of Walsall Street, Wolverhampton Timber Merchants and Farmers”. The four sons were:

• Thomas (c. 1842-1894)
• John (c. 1846-)
• Joseph (c. 1848-1910)
• James Bernard (c. 1856-)

At the time of his death, John was described as being late of Wolverhampton and Gospel End in the Parish of Sedgley. His eldest son Henry (c. 1840-1903) received a financial gift rather than a share in the business, which was added to later by an additional gift from the four brothers.

James Bernard Hickman was the youngest of the four brothers to take over the business but he retired from the company in 1887, not long after the estate of his father had been settled, and received a preagreed payment of £3800 for his share.

This left the three remaining brothers running the business until 1893 when Thomas died. At the time of his death, Thomas was living at 2 Waterloo Terrace, Newhampton Road, Wolverhampton and was described as a Timber Dealer. At this point the capital and profits of the business were split equally between John and Joseph.

John Hickman and Sons Letterhead 1910

Joseph, of the Fernery, Bradmore, Wolverhampton died in 1910 and his share of the business was purchased from his executors by his son Denis Joseph (c. 1883-1943), giving him a half share with John, his uncle. John had been described as a Timber Dealer from 1851 and by 1881 as a Timber Merchant and Farmer of 300 Acres.

In 1913 John assigned his share of the business by deed to Bernard Hickman and Harold John Hickman (c. 1875-1938), possibly his sons. At this point the share in the company was split equally between Denis J, Bernard and Harold John.

John Hickman - Capital Account Transfer 1913

By 1936 Bernard had left the business and cousins Denis J and Harold John continued to have an equal share until Harold John died in 1938. Denis ran the business alone until 1939 when his son Gerard FJH Hickman (c. 1912-1989) joined to take a half share. This only lasted until 1943 when his father Denis J died and he continued to run the company.

Advert - Wolverhampton Centenary Industrial Exhibition 1948

The company was incorporated on 24 March 1947, company number 431682. Gerard Hickman and his wife became Directors and were shareholders until the late 1980s.

Register of Members

Another shareholder was David Hickman, who moved to South Devon and may be responsible for the relocation of the business from Wolverhampton to South Devon. The business is still though to be going today and is run by members of the Hickman family.

John Hickman and Sons (Sawmills) Ledgers

Most of the information in this post has come from details in the two ledgers (D-SSW/2/JHS/1-2) and the Register of Members (D-SSW/2/JHS/3) in the Smith, Son & Wilkie collection for John Hickman and Sons (Sawmills) Limited and research carried out by one of the project volunteers.

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Jon the Conservator and some of our project volunteers have been working hard to get the Mander papers ready for cataloguing. This part of the collection has been stored in very damp or even wet conditions causing the paper to become very delicate and damaged. 

Damaged papers

 

These records are generally quite dirty and dusty so the main task so far has been to start cleaning these records to prepare them for sorting and cataloguing. As the volunteers work through the records with Jon, he makes an assessment of how much work is required. Sometimes, just a gentle brush over is enough to remove the surface dirt and make the record suitable for handling.

A volunteer cleaning a letter

Other times, the records need more substantial work and this is where the volunteers hand over to Jon. In some cases basic paper repairs are required where Jon uses repair paper of a similar weight to the item being conserved to fill the gap. The repair paper adheres thermally to the records so when the area being treated is heated the repair patch sticks in place. For the repair of small tears, Jon uses lens tissue, which adheres with a small amount of paste. This sort of repair work is just used to improve the integrity of the paper and not to replace any missing text.

Letter with paper repair along the central crease

Some of the paper is now very delicate as it has been softened by the loss of gelatine in the damp conditions. This makes the paper very fluffy and delicate to touch, often in sever cases just crumbling into dust. To treat records in this state Jon encapsulates them in a polyester sleeve that is thermally bonded at the edges but in no way stuck to the record. This allows the document to be handled without further deterioration.

Encapsulated Letters

Encapsulating with this method is not the same as laminating. When a sheet is laminated the plastic is permanently affixed to both sides of the record and is irreversible and therefore never used as a conservation treatment. It is not recommended to laminate anything that you would like to keep permanently.

Samuel Small Mander - Trustees Ledger 1881

Other Mander records Jon has been working on include the Samuel Small Mander Trustees Ledger from 1881. So far, this volume has been cleaned and assessed and it likely to be rebound in the future, depending on other conservation work required for the project.

Jon cleaning the Samuel Small Mander - Trustees Ledger 1881

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The Side Welders Association was founded on 24th June 1919 on the agreement that “The distribution of orders [would be] by weight, in accordance with an agreed scale of percentages of the total orders available”. The Association existed to promote the interests of their members, who were all manufacturers of chains, cables and anchors, mostly for use on large ships.

Side Welders were a specific type of welder. The Census 1921 Dictionary of Occupational Terms gives an interesting account of the work of a Welder:

Welder - Definition

The Association was in operation from 1919-1924 when it was decided not to renew the Agreement of Association. The Association was reformed and began operating from 1 July 1926. In June 1931 and June 1936 the Agreement of Association was renewed and this continued until 1942.

In 1920-1921 New Branches were formed: 

• Side Welded chains and cables
• End Welded chains and cables (started 9 Nov 1920)
• Stockless Anchors (started 19 Oct 1921)

The Registered Office of the Association was 22 Darlington Street, care of Smith, Son & Wilkie, who managed the administrative side of the Association and worked as Secretaries.

I have found that one of the best ways to find out about a company is to look at their letterhead, which often contains a variety of useful information. Where possible, I have included images of the letterheads of the companies who were members of the Side Welders Association so you can see some of the details available. These letterheads generally date from the late 1930s.

Members of the Association:

Richard Sykes and Son Ltd, Cradley Heath, Staffs
(Member 1919-1936)
Side Welded Section, End Welded Section, Stockless Anchor Section

Letterhead Samuel Taylor & Sons (Brierley Hill) Limited

S Taylor and Sons (Brierley Hill) Ltd, Brierley Hill, Staffs
(Member 1919-Closure)
Side Welded Section, End Welded Section, Stockless Anchor Section

Letterhead John Green (Old Hill) Ltd

John Green (Old Hill) Ltd, Old Hill, Staffs
(Member 1919-Closure)
Side Welded Section, End Welded Section, Stockless Anchor Section

Letterhead Fellows Brothers Ltd

Fellows Brothers Ltd, Clyde Works, Cradley Heath, Staffs
(Member 1919-Closure)
Side Welded Section, End Welded Section, Stockless Anchor Section

Letterhead H P Parkes & Company Limited

H P Parkes and Co Ltd, Railway Works, Cradley Heath, Staffs
(Member 1919-Closure)
Side Welded Section, End Welded Section

Letterhead Round Oak Steel Works Ltd

Earl of Dudley’s Round Oak Works Ltd, Brierley Hill, Staffs
(Member 1919-Closure)
Side Welded Section, End Welded Section

Letterhead Noah Hingley and Sons Ltd

Noah Hingley and Sons Ltd, Netherton Iron Works, Dudley, Worcestershire
(Member 1919-Closure)
Side Welded Section, End Welded Section, Stockless Anchor Section

Dudley Archives hold the Noah Hingley Collection

Letterhead Henry Wood & Co Ltd

H Wood and Co Ltd, Saltney, Nr Chester
(Member 1919-Closure)
Side Welded Section, End Welded Section

Letterhead Noah Bloomer & Sons Ltd

Noah Bloomer and Sons Ltd, Oak Works, Quarry Bank, Brierley Hill
(Member 1919-Closure)
Side Welded Section, End Welded Section

Letterhead Brown Lenox & Co Ltd

Brown Lenox and Co Ltd, Pontypridd, Glamorgan
(Member 1919-Closure)
Side Welded Section, End Welded Section, Stockless Anchor Section

Letterhead Kendrick & Mole Ltd

Kendrick and Mole Ltd, Cradley Heath, Staffs
(Member 1919-Closure)
Side Welded Section, End Welded Section

Letterhead Joseph Westwood & Sons (Cradley Heath) Ltd

J Westwood and Sons (Cradley Heath) Ltd, Compton Works, Cradley Heath, Staffs
(Member 1926-Closure)
End Welded Section

Letterhead Joseph Wright & Co Limited

J Wright and Co Ltd, Tipton, Staffs
(Member 1936-Closure)
Stockless Anchor Section

WL Byers and Co Ltd, Sunderland
(Member 1919-1924)
Stockless Anchor